Utilization of Solid State Fermented Cassava Peel Leaf Mix Meal as a Substitute for Maize in Broiler Chickens’ Diets: Impact on Growth Performance, Carcass Indices and Lipid Peroxidation
Published: 2024-08-30
Page: 285-298
Issue: 2024 - Volume 7 [Issue 4]
R. A. Animashahun *
Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.
S. O. Aro
Department of Animal Production and Health, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
G. E. Onibi
Department of Animal Production and Health, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
J. Agbede
Department of Animal Production and Health, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
O. O. Alabi
Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.
A. P. Animashahun
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
P. Oluwafemi
Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This research explored the potential of fermented cassava peel and leaf meal (FCPLM) as a maize substitute in broiler chickens’ diets.
Study Design: Completely Dandomized Design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study took place at the Poultry Unit of the Teaching and Research Farm of Landmark University in Omu-Aran, Irepodun Local Government, Kwara State, Nigeria, located at coordinates 8°08′00″N 5°06′00″E for 7 weeks.
Methodology: The cassava peel and leaf were combined in a 19:1 ratio, milled, and then inoculated with Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) for solid-state fermentation (SSF), lasting 96 hours at room temperature with a substrate to water ratio of 1.0:1.0. Subsequently, FCPLM was integrated into diets for 480 seven-day-old Anak broiler chickens, divided into four groups of 60 chicks each, with each group further divided into 3 replicates. The diets included: Diet 1 (control, no FCPLM), Diet 2 (20% FCPLM), Diet 3 (40% FCPLM), and Diet 4 (60% FCPLM).
Results: Substituting maize with FCPLM significantly (P < 0.05) impacted broiler performance, carcass quality, lipid peroxidation, and production costs. Diet 3 exhibited the highest weight gain, optimal feed conversion ratio, and dressing percentage with respective values of 2286.80g, 1.95 and 75.95%, compare to 2252.60g, 2.00 and 75.81%.for the same parameters in Diet 1. Furthermore, as FCPLM inclusion levels increased, meat peroxidation decreased from 1.26 mmol/ml (Diet 1) to 0.16 mmol/ml (Diet 4). The feed cost and cost per kilogramme of meat decreased with higher FCPLM levels, with highest percentages of 26.35% and 13.50% for feed cost reduction per kilogram of feed, and 13.50% for feed cost per kilogram of chicken meat respectively in Diet 4.
Conclusion: The SSF with Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) enhances FCPLM, presenting a viable approach to enhance feed resources. This strategy improves feed efficiency, carcass yield, oxidative stability, and production costs.
Keywords: Alternative feed – resources, agro-industrial by-products, oxidative – stability, SDG – 1, SDG – 2, sustainability, value – addition