An Over View of Bovine Dermatophytosis
Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences,
Page 1-12
Abstract
Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection of hair and keratinized layers of the epidermis and is caused by keratinophilic and keratinolytic genera such as Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. It is an endemic infection in many countries throughout the world affecting companion animals (dogs, cats), domestic animals (calves), and laboratory animals (rabbits) as well as humans. T. verrucosum considered the main cause of ringworm in cattle. The typical lesion is a heavy, grey-white crust, circular and raised above the skin most frequently found on the head and neck. The disease can be diagnosed by direct examination, fungal culture, skin biopsy sero and molecular diagnosis methods. This review will forecast more light of the different aspects of this disease.
Keywords:
- Dermatophytosis
- bovine
- clinical feature
- diagnosis treatment.
How to Cite
Abdalla, W. G. (2019). An Over View of Bovine Dermatophytosis. Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 3(4), 1-12. Retrieved from https://journalajravs.com/index.php/AJRAVS/article/view/30053
References
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Wabacha JK, Gitau GK, Bebora LC, Bwanga CO, Wamuri ZM, Mbithi PM. Occurrence of dermatomycosis (ringworm) due to Trichophyton verrucosum in dairy calves and its spread to animal attendants. J of South African Vet Associ. 1998;69(4): 172-73.
Nweze EI. Dermatophytosis among children of Fulani/Hausa herdsmen living in
Southeastern Nigeria. Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia. 2010;27(4): 191-94.
Swai ES, Sanka PN. Bovine Dermatophytosis Caused by Trychophyton verrucosum: A case report. Vet World. 2012;5(5):297-300.
Radostits OM, Blood DC, Gay CC. Veterinary Medicine, 10th Ed, Bailliere Tindall, London; 1997.
Ming PX, YLXm Ti, Bulmer GS. Outbreak of Trichophyton verrucosum in China transmitted from cows to humans. Mycopathologia. 2006;161:225-28.
Al-Rubiay KK. Dermatoepidemiology: A household survey among two urban areas in Basra city, Iraq. Int J Dermatol. 2006; 4:1-4.
Moretti A, Agnetti F, Mancianti F, Nardoni S, Righi C, Moretta I, et al. Dermatophytosis in animals: Epidemiological, clinical and zoonotic aspects. Gital. Dermatol. Venereol. 2013.; 148:563-72.
Songer GJ, Post WK. Veterinary Microbiology. Bacterial and Fungal disease Agent of Animal disease. Elsevier Saunders. 2005;361-363.
Weber A. Mycozoonoses with special regard to ringworm of cattle. Mycoses. 2000;43:20–22.
Takatori K, Takahashi A, Kawai S, Ichijo S, Hasegawa A. Isolation of Trichophyton verrucosum from lesional and non-lesional skin in calves. J Vet. Med. Sci. 1993; 55(2):343-44.
Ogbonna CI, Enweani IB, Ogueri SC. The distribution of ringworm infections amongst Nigerian nomadic. Fulani Herdsmen Mycopathologia. 1986;96(1):45-51.
Chermette R, Ferreiro L, Guillot J. Dermatophytoses in animals. Mycopathologia. 2008;166:385-405.
Pal M, Dave P. Transmission of Trichphyton verrucosum infection from cattle to man. Intas Polivet. 2006;7:429-31.
AL-Ani FK, Younes FA, AL-Rawashdeh FO. Ringworm infection in cattle and horses in Jordan. Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2002;71:55-60.
Cam Y, Gümüssoy KS, Kibar M, Apaydin N, Atalay Ö. Vet Record. 2007;160:408-410.
Abou-Eisha AM, Sobih MA, Hanaa MF, Heba SE. Dermatophytes in animals and their zoonotic importance in Suez Canal area. SCVMJ. 2008;XIII(2).
Hameed K, Riaz CHF, Nawaz MA, Naqvi SMS, Gräser Y, Kupsch C, et al. Trichophyton verrucosum infection in livestock in the Chitral district of Pakistan. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2017;11(4):326-33.
R Papini S, Nardoni A, Mancianti FF. High Infection rate of Trichophyton verrucosum in Calves from Central Italy. Zoonoses. 2009;56(2): 59-64
El-diasty EM, Ahmed MA, Okasha N, Mansour SF, El-dek SI, Abd El-khalek HM, et al. Antifungal activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against dermatophytic lesions of cattle. Romanian j. Biophys. 2013;23(3):191-202.
Crotti S, Moretta I, Moretti A, Maresca C, Troiani L, Papini M. Trichophyton verrucosum infection in cattle farms of Umbria (Central Italy) and transmission to humans. Mycoses. 2014;57(7): 400-405.
Mousa SW, Abdeen EE. Evaluation of new compounds efficacy on dermatophytosis treatment in cattle and buffalo. J of Dairy and Vet Sci. 2018;7 (1):1-4.
Dalis JS, Kazeem HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN. An outbreak of ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum in a group of calves in Vom, Nigeria. Afr. J Microbiol. Res. 2014; 8(8):783-787.
Agnetti F, Righi C, Scoccia E, Felici A, Silvia Crotti S, Moretta I, et al. Trichophyton verrucosum infection in cattle farms of Umbria (Central Italy) and transmission to humans . Mycoses. 2014; 57(7):400-405
Shams-Ghahfarokhi M, Mosleh-Tehrani F, Ranjbar-Bahadori S, Razzaghi-Abyaneh M. An epidemiological survey on cattle ringworm in major dairy farms of Mashhad city, Eastern IranI RAN. J. Microbiol. 2009;1(3):31-6.
Duartea ER, Oliveiraa NJF, Medeirosb AO, Rosac CA, Facury-Filhod EJ. Yeasts isolated from beef heifers with ringworm. Arch Med Vet. 2013;45:71-75.
Abu-Samra MT, Imbabi SE, Mahgoub ES. Microsporum canis infection in calves. Sabouraudia. 1975;13(2):154-56.
Nweze EI. Dermatophytoses in domesticated animals. Rev Inst. Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2011;53(2):95-99
Mitra SK, Sikdar A, Das P. Dermatophytes isolated from selected ruminants in India. Mycopathologia. 1998;142(1):13-6.
Dalis JS, Kazeen HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN, Muhammed M1, Okewole PA, et al. Dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton verrucosum in a three month old calf in Shendam, Plateau State, Nigeria International J. of Microbiol Res. 2014;6(1): 515-518.
ElAshmawy WR, Ali ME. Identification of different dermatophytes isolated from cattle, cats and horses suffered from skin lesions Alexandria. J of Vet Sci. 2016;49 (2):126-132.
Lacaz CS, Porto E, Martins JEC, Heins-Vaccari EM, Melo TN. Tratado de Micologia Médica, 9th ed. Prefácio: Bertrand Dupont. São Paulo: Sarvier. 2002;44(5):297-298.
Sidirm J. Micologia médica à luz de autores contemporâneos. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2004.
Pérez J, Carrasco L. Diagnóstico histopatológico de micosisenpatología veterinária. Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia. 2000;17:18-22.
Moriello KA. Diagnostic techniques for dermatophytosis. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 2001;16:219–24.
Moriello K. Feline dermatophytosis Aspects pertinent to disease management in single and multiple cat situations. J of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2014;16: 419–431.
Ellis D, Davis S, Alexiou H, Handke R, Bartley R. Description of medical fungi. Mycology Unit, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide; 2007.
Rebell G, Taplin D. Dermatophytes: Their recognition and identification. Revised edn. Coral Gables, University of Miami Press, Florida; 1974.
Dalis JS, Kazeem HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN. An outbreak of ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum in a group of calves in Vom, Nigeria. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2014;8(8):783-787.
Kumar R, Khurana R, Narang G. Histopathology of dermatophytosis in cattle calves. Indian J. Vet Pathol. 2010;34(1):9-11.
Băguţ ET, Cambier L, Heinen MP, Cozma V, Monod M, Mignon B. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of ringworm infection in cattle. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013;20(8):1150–1154.
Gupta AK, Ryder JE, Summerbell RC. Onychomycosis: Classification and diagnosis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2004;3:51–6.
Arabatzis M, Xylouri E, Frangiadaki I, Tzimogianni A, Milioni A, Arsenis G, et al. A rapid detection of Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii in rabbit skin specimens by PCR-RFLP. Vet Dermatol. 2006;17: 322–26.
Arabatzis M, Bruijnesteijn LE, Kuijper EJ, de Hoog GS, Lavrijsen AP, Templeton K, et al. Diagnosis of common dermatophyte infections by a novel multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction detection/identification scheme. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157:681–689.
Dalis JS, Kazeem HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN, Yakubu B, Owolodun OA, et al. Molecular characterization of dermatophytes isolated from cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria. Vet Microbiol. 2018; 219:212-18.
Ismaeel GK. Molecular identification of some causes of ringworm isolated from cattle in Al-Diwaniya region. J of Kerbala University. 2017;15(2):148-58.
El-Diasty EM, Ahmed MA, Okasha N, Mansour SF, El-Dek SI, El-Khalek HMA et al. Antifungal activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against dermatophytic lesions of cattle. Romanian J Biophys. 2013; 23(3):191-202.
Pandey VS. Effect of Thiabendazole and tincture of iodine on cattle ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum. Trop Anim Hith Prod.1979;11:175-78.
Kirmizigul AH, Gokce E, Buyuk F, Erkilic EE, Celebi O, Gulmez A, et al. Effectiveness of the local application of 1% tioconazole in the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis, Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2013;19 (Suppl-A):A191-A194.
Kirmizigul AH, Gokce E, Ozyildiz Z, Buyuk F, Sahin M. Topical use of enilconazole (10%) in the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis: Clinical, mycological and histopatological findings. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009; 15(2):273-77.
Cam Y, Koc AN, Silici S, Gunes V, Buldu H, Onmaz AC, et al. Treatment of dermatophytosis in young cattle with propolis and Whitfield’s ointment, Vet Record. 2009;165(7):57-8.
Karabulut E, Canpolat I. The treatment of ringworm with silver nitrate pencil in cattle: Only one application. IOSR J of Agri and Vet Sci. 2016;9(9):34-6.
Oldenkamp EP. Natamycin treatment of ringworm in cattle in the United Kingdom. The Veterinary Record. 1988;105:5554–5556.
Jameel GH, Minnat TR, Humadi AA, Al-Ezzy AIA. Hematological and histopathological effects of ivermectin in treatment of ovine dermatophytosis in Diyala province-Iraq, International J. of Sci and Res. 2014;3(11):1389-94.
Jameel GH, Ahmed AA, Jalil OK, Dawood WS. Ivermectin activity in treatment of cattle dermatophytosis. Diyala Agri Sci J. 2015;7(1):30–40.
Rochette F, M Engelen M, Vanden- Bossche H. Antifungal agents of use in animal health – Practical applications. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 2003;26:31–53.
Aamodt O. Vaccination of Norwegian Cattle against Ringworm. Zoonoses and Public Hlth. 1982;29(6):451-56.
Gudding R, Naess B. Vaccination of cattle against ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum. Am J Vet Res. 1986;47(11): 2415-7.
Lund A, Bratberg AM, Næss B, Gudding R. Control of bovine ringworm by vaccination in Norway. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2014;15:37-45.
Jalil WI. Clinical and epidemiological investigation of bovine dermatophytosis in Diyala Province Al-Anbar J Vet. Sci. 2017; 10(2):38-44.
El-Ashmawy WR, Abd ELHafez E, Abd El Saeed H. Clinical study on dermatophytosis in calves with in vitro evaluation of antifungal activity of bergamot oil. Advan in Anim and Vet Sci. 2015;3(1):34-9.
Wabacha JK, Gitau GK, Bebora LC, Bwanga CO, Wamuri ZM, Mbithi PM. Occurrence of dermatomycosis (ringworm) due to Trichophyton verrucosum in dairy calves and its spread to animal attendants. J of South African Vet Associ. 1998;69(4): 172-73.
Nweze EI. Dermatophytosis among children of Fulani/Hausa herdsmen living in
Southeastern Nigeria. Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia. 2010;27(4): 191-94.
Swai ES, Sanka PN. Bovine Dermatophytosis Caused by Trychophyton verrucosum: A case report. Vet World. 2012;5(5):297-300.
Radostits OM, Blood DC, Gay CC. Veterinary Medicine, 10th Ed, Bailliere Tindall, London; 1997.
Ming PX, YLXm Ti, Bulmer GS. Outbreak of Trichophyton verrucosum in China transmitted from cows to humans. Mycopathologia. 2006;161:225-28.
Al-Rubiay KK. Dermatoepidemiology: A household survey among two urban areas in Basra city, Iraq. Int J Dermatol. 2006; 4:1-4.
Moretti A, Agnetti F, Mancianti F, Nardoni S, Righi C, Moretta I, et al. Dermatophytosis in animals: Epidemiological, clinical and zoonotic aspects. Gital. Dermatol. Venereol. 2013.; 148:563-72.
Songer GJ, Post WK. Veterinary Microbiology. Bacterial and Fungal disease Agent of Animal disease. Elsevier Saunders. 2005;361-363.
Weber A. Mycozoonoses with special regard to ringworm of cattle. Mycoses. 2000;43:20–22.
Takatori K, Takahashi A, Kawai S, Ichijo S, Hasegawa A. Isolation of Trichophyton verrucosum from lesional and non-lesional skin in calves. J Vet. Med. Sci. 1993; 55(2):343-44.
Ogbonna CI, Enweani IB, Ogueri SC. The distribution of ringworm infections amongst Nigerian nomadic. Fulani Herdsmen Mycopathologia. 1986;96(1):45-51.
Chermette R, Ferreiro L, Guillot J. Dermatophytoses in animals. Mycopathologia. 2008;166:385-405.
Pal M, Dave P. Transmission of Trichphyton verrucosum infection from cattle to man. Intas Polivet. 2006;7:429-31.
AL-Ani FK, Younes FA, AL-Rawashdeh FO. Ringworm infection in cattle and horses in Jordan. Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2002;71:55-60.
Cam Y, Gümüssoy KS, Kibar M, Apaydin N, Atalay Ö. Vet Record. 2007;160:408-410.
Abou-Eisha AM, Sobih MA, Hanaa MF, Heba SE. Dermatophytes in animals and their zoonotic importance in Suez Canal area. SCVMJ. 2008;XIII(2).
Hameed K, Riaz CHF, Nawaz MA, Naqvi SMS, Gräser Y, Kupsch C, et al. Trichophyton verrucosum infection in livestock in the Chitral district of Pakistan. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2017;11(4):326-33.
R Papini S, Nardoni A, Mancianti FF. High Infection rate of Trichophyton verrucosum in Calves from Central Italy. Zoonoses. 2009;56(2): 59-64
El-diasty EM, Ahmed MA, Okasha N, Mansour SF, El-dek SI, Abd El-khalek HM, et al. Antifungal activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against dermatophytic lesions of cattle. Romanian j. Biophys. 2013;23(3):191-202.
Crotti S, Moretta I, Moretti A, Maresca C, Troiani L, Papini M. Trichophyton verrucosum infection in cattle farms of Umbria (Central Italy) and transmission to humans. Mycoses. 2014;57(7): 400-405.
Mousa SW, Abdeen EE. Evaluation of new compounds efficacy on dermatophytosis treatment in cattle and buffalo. J of Dairy and Vet Sci. 2018;7 (1):1-4.
Dalis JS, Kazeem HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN. An outbreak of ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum in a group of calves in Vom, Nigeria. Afr. J Microbiol. Res. 2014; 8(8):783-787.
Agnetti F, Righi C, Scoccia E, Felici A, Silvia Crotti S, Moretta I, et al. Trichophyton verrucosum infection in cattle farms of Umbria (Central Italy) and transmission to humans . Mycoses. 2014; 57(7):400-405
Shams-Ghahfarokhi M, Mosleh-Tehrani F, Ranjbar-Bahadori S, Razzaghi-Abyaneh M. An epidemiological survey on cattle ringworm in major dairy farms of Mashhad city, Eastern IranI RAN. J. Microbiol. 2009;1(3):31-6.
Duartea ER, Oliveiraa NJF, Medeirosb AO, Rosac CA, Facury-Filhod EJ. Yeasts isolated from beef heifers with ringworm. Arch Med Vet. 2013;45:71-75.
Abu-Samra MT, Imbabi SE, Mahgoub ES. Microsporum canis infection in calves. Sabouraudia. 1975;13(2):154-56.
Nweze EI. Dermatophytoses in domesticated animals. Rev Inst. Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2011;53(2):95-99
Mitra SK, Sikdar A, Das P. Dermatophytes isolated from selected ruminants in India. Mycopathologia. 1998;142(1):13-6.
Dalis JS, Kazeen HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN, Muhammed M1, Okewole PA, et al. Dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton verrucosum in a three month old calf in Shendam, Plateau State, Nigeria International J. of Microbiol Res. 2014;6(1): 515-518.
ElAshmawy WR, Ali ME. Identification of different dermatophytes isolated from cattle, cats and horses suffered from skin lesions Alexandria. J of Vet Sci. 2016;49 (2):126-132.
Lacaz CS, Porto E, Martins JEC, Heins-Vaccari EM, Melo TN. Tratado de Micologia Médica, 9th ed. Prefácio: Bertrand Dupont. São Paulo: Sarvier. 2002;44(5):297-298.
Sidirm J. Micologia médica à luz de autores contemporâneos. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2004.
Pérez J, Carrasco L. Diagnóstico histopatológico de micosisenpatología veterinária. Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia. 2000;17:18-22.
Moriello KA. Diagnostic techniques for dermatophytosis. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 2001;16:219–24.
Moriello K. Feline dermatophytosis Aspects pertinent to disease management in single and multiple cat situations. J of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2014;16: 419–431.
Ellis D, Davis S, Alexiou H, Handke R, Bartley R. Description of medical fungi. Mycology Unit, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide; 2007.
Rebell G, Taplin D. Dermatophytes: Their recognition and identification. Revised edn. Coral Gables, University of Miami Press, Florida; 1974.
Dalis JS, Kazeem HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN. An outbreak of ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum in a group of calves in Vom, Nigeria. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2014;8(8):783-787.
Kumar R, Khurana R, Narang G. Histopathology of dermatophytosis in cattle calves. Indian J. Vet Pathol. 2010;34(1):9-11.
Băguţ ET, Cambier L, Heinen MP, Cozma V, Monod M, Mignon B. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of ringworm infection in cattle. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013;20(8):1150–1154.
Gupta AK, Ryder JE, Summerbell RC. Onychomycosis: Classification and diagnosis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2004;3:51–6.
Arabatzis M, Xylouri E, Frangiadaki I, Tzimogianni A, Milioni A, Arsenis G, et al. A rapid detection of Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii in rabbit skin specimens by PCR-RFLP. Vet Dermatol. 2006;17: 322–26.
Arabatzis M, Bruijnesteijn LE, Kuijper EJ, de Hoog GS, Lavrijsen AP, Templeton K, et al. Diagnosis of common dermatophyte infections by a novel multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction detection/identification scheme. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157:681–689.
Dalis JS, Kazeem HM, Kwaga JKP, Kwanashie CN, Yakubu B, Owolodun OA, et al. Molecular characterization of dermatophytes isolated from cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria. Vet Microbiol. 2018; 219:212-18.
Ismaeel GK. Molecular identification of some causes of ringworm isolated from cattle in Al-Diwaniya region. J of Kerbala University. 2017;15(2):148-58.
El-Diasty EM, Ahmed MA, Okasha N, Mansour SF, El-Dek SI, El-Khalek HMA et al. Antifungal activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against dermatophytic lesions of cattle. Romanian J Biophys. 2013; 23(3):191-202.
Pandey VS. Effect of Thiabendazole and tincture of iodine on cattle ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum. Trop Anim Hith Prod.1979;11:175-78.
Kirmizigul AH, Gokce E, Buyuk F, Erkilic EE, Celebi O, Gulmez A, et al. Effectiveness of the local application of 1% tioconazole in the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis, Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2013;19 (Suppl-A):A191-A194.
Kirmizigul AH, Gokce E, Ozyildiz Z, Buyuk F, Sahin M. Topical use of enilconazole (10%) in the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis: Clinical, mycological and histopatological findings. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009; 15(2):273-77.
Cam Y, Koc AN, Silici S, Gunes V, Buldu H, Onmaz AC, et al. Treatment of dermatophytosis in young cattle with propolis and Whitfield’s ointment, Vet Record. 2009;165(7):57-8.
Karabulut E, Canpolat I. The treatment of ringworm with silver nitrate pencil in cattle: Only one application. IOSR J of Agri and Vet Sci. 2016;9(9):34-6.
Oldenkamp EP. Natamycin treatment of ringworm in cattle in the United Kingdom. The Veterinary Record. 1988;105:5554–5556.
Jameel GH, Minnat TR, Humadi AA, Al-Ezzy AIA. Hematological and histopathological effects of ivermectin in treatment of ovine dermatophytosis in Diyala province-Iraq, International J. of Sci and Res. 2014;3(11):1389-94.
Jameel GH, Ahmed AA, Jalil OK, Dawood WS. Ivermectin activity in treatment of cattle dermatophytosis. Diyala Agri Sci J. 2015;7(1):30–40.
Rochette F, M Engelen M, Vanden- Bossche H. Antifungal agents of use in animal health – Practical applications. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 2003;26:31–53.
Aamodt O. Vaccination of Norwegian Cattle against Ringworm. Zoonoses and Public Hlth. 1982;29(6):451-56.
Gudding R, Naess B. Vaccination of cattle against ringworm caused by Trichophyton verrucosum. Am J Vet Res. 1986;47(11): 2415-7.
Lund A, Bratberg AM, Næss B, Gudding R. Control of bovine ringworm by vaccination in Norway. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2014;15:37-45.
Jalil WI. Clinical and epidemiological investigation of bovine dermatophytosis in Diyala Province Al-Anbar J Vet. Sci. 2017; 10(2):38-44.
El-Ashmawy WR, Abd ELHafez E, Abd El Saeed H. Clinical study on dermatophytosis in calves with in vitro evaluation of antifungal activity of bergamot oil. Advan in Anim and Vet Sci. 2015;3(1):34-9.
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